History: study guide for the Australian citizenship test (Australia)
First peoples, settlement, federation, the wars and modern Australia.
This guide gathers the 13 key points of the topic. Read them, cover the answer and try to recall it; then practise in the app.
- Which people have lived in Australia for more than 60,000 years?
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are the oldest continuous cultures in the world. view question - Who claimed the east coast of Australia for Britain in 1770?
Captain James Cook. Cook sailed along the east coast on the Endeavour and named it New South Wales. view question - What was the First Fleet?
Eleven British ships that arrived in 1788 with convicts and settlers. The First Fleet, led by Captain Arthur Phillip, landed at Sydney Cove on 26 January 1788. view question - What is 26 January in Australia?
Australia Day, marking the arrival of the First Fleet. Many Australians celebrate Australia Day; others observe it as Invasion Day or Survival Day because of its meaning for Indigenous peoples. view question - What was the effect of the gold rush of the 1850s?
Many people migrated to Australia and the population grew quickly. Gold discoveries in New South Wales and Victoria brought thousands of migrants from Britain, Europe, America and China. view question - What happened to the six colonies on 1 January 1901?
They federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia. Federation joined New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania. view question - What is Anzac Day?
A day to remember Australians and New Zealanders who served and died in war. Held on 25 April, it marks the 1915 landing at Gallipoli in the First World War. view question - What did Australian women win in 1902?
The right to vote and stand for federal parliament. Australia was one of the first countries to give women the vote in national elections. Aboriginal people were not guaranteed the vote federally until 1962. view question - What happened in the 1967 referendum?
Australians voted to count Aboriginal people in the census and let the Commonwealth make laws for them. Over 90% voted Yes, one of the most successful referendums in Australian history. view question - What was the 'White Australia policy'?
A policy that restricted non-European migration, ended in stages up to the 1970s. After the Second World War, Australia gradually opened migration to people from all over the world. view question - What was the 1992 Mabo decision?
The High Court recognised native title. The Mabo decision recognised that Indigenous people had rights to land before British settlement, rejecting the idea of 'terra nullius'. view question - What was the 'Stolen Generations'?
Indigenous children removed from their families by governments. In 2008, the Prime Minister apologised in Parliament to the Stolen Generations. view question - Which wars did Australians fight in during the 20th century?
World War I, World War II, Korea and Vietnam, among others. Australia has a proud record of military service and peacekeeping. view question
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